Discuss How the Concepts of ‘Race’ and ‘Ethnicity’ Essay Example for Free

Talk about How the Concepts of ‘Race’ and ‘Ethnicity’ Essay Australia is known for its multicultural society, yet race and ethnicity are an enormous factor of determined bigotry and imbalance in this nation. The main impetus behind this is the solid conviction that a portion of the populace despite everything hold against individuals who seem diverse to themselves. To increase an away from of this delicate subject one must gander at the beginnings, structures and impacts of bigotry. This exposition will take a gander at how the ideas of ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity’ sustain disparity in our general public, a short history of Australia according to prejudice and how individuals experience these imbalances today in a general public that we call multicultural. Current Australia was set up as a ‘region of ongoing settlement’ in 1788 which was a little piece of a bigger procedure of European colonization (Bessant Watts, 2002, p. 219). They had a lot of thoughts, qualities and convictions and expected that natives had no arrangement of land proprietorship, farming, animal cultivation. Indigenous individuals have been in Australia for over 100,000 years (Bessant Watts, 2002, p. 222). The White Australia Policy in the twentieth century energized migration just from Britain, however didn’t permit ‘Asians’ and ‘Non-whites (Economou N, 1998, p.363). By 1950’s individuals from all nations were permitted to move into Australia to assist post with warring recreation. The frontier movement saw a mass relocation of European individuals generally from Britain to Australia. It is said that somewhere in the range of 1788 and 1852 around 170,000 individuals moved to Australia, and the gold rush era after 1851 made it a profoundly alluring nation for relocating (Bessant Watts, 2002, p. 231). By end of World War two, as war constrained Australia to draw nearer to different nations, which brought about the principal noteworthy debilitating of the arrangement in 1951. Later during the 1950s and 1960s different pieces of the White Australia Policy were bit by bit disassembled. By the 1970s the central government had expelled every single racial limitation from its migration law (Bessant Watts, 2002). Different scholars have conflicting methodologies and perspectives on, making it an intricate subject. It takes a wide range of structures, running from physical viciousness to disparaging language. An individual or group’s conviction that their race is predominant or second rate, or their good and social qualities are foreordained, in view of organic contrasts can be named ’racism’. A gathering of individuals having a similar skin shading, same qualities, originating from the comparable foundations may comprise as ’race’. One of the most widely recognized types of prejudice discovered today is Institutional Racism, which originates from set up companies, and other amazing powers in the public arena, in this way making it difficult to address and faces less open judgment. Models incorporate lodging, work, organizations, instruction, religion and media (Healey, 2002). Commonly, the premise of this kind of segregation is from silly dread of individuals at the less than desirable end who have a place with an alternate culture or ‘race’. In spite of the fact that, there have been continuous discussions about prejudice surrounding us for quite a long time, it is an attack on human rights as it deliberately denies individuals of various standing, shading, race, sex or their nation of birthplace fundamental qualities underlined by Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) which expresses that human rights are everyone’s bequest and apply to all without contrast (Healey, 2002). Normal impression of shared beginnings, culture, way of life and customs among a gathering of individuals or society is the general meaning of ethnicity (Bessant Watts, 2002). Individuals can have a similar nationality however have various ethnicities. A couple of essayists have advanced intriguing clarifications of ethnicity. Edward Shils in his ‘primordial approach’ contends that he accepts everybody has an early stage connection to their homeland, individuals and religion which brings out forceful enthusiastic ties by mingling, which further offers ascend to the need to have a different character and having a place. At that point the ‘Mobilisationist Approach’ recommends that nothing is unsurprising or typical about ethnicity. Or maybe, ethnic personalities come into focus and are toughened in political settings where gatherings battle to gain admittance to insufficient and esteemed assets (Van Krieken et al, 2000, p. 519). The premise of ethnocentrism is a cognizant or oblivious conviction that one’s ethnic gathering, culture, religion, custom or conduct is better than another ethnic gathering. Legislators gloat that Australia is a multicultural, open and tactless society. In spite of the notable picture of Australia’s everybody have â€Å"a reasonable go†, the nation is still loaded with both institutional and well known prejudice. Training has consistently been significant with regards to climbing in class and has been very freeing in Australian culture. Be that as it may, indigenous and ethnic gatherings have been to some degree impeded in chances to procure instruction. As indicated by the Australian Bureau of Statistics just five Indigenous Australians for each 1,000 get tertiary capability, contrasted with 70-80 for every 1,000 for Anglo Australians. During the 1990s government assistance, human services and instruction support for Aborigines accounted distinctly to 2% of complete spending cost (ABS 2000:21). So as to get instruction an individual requires a pay, however to get a pay one needs an occupation, and an occupation is trying to discover without a proper degree of training. In this way a people possibility of instruction is affected by the financial status of one’s guardians which is a cyclic social disparity difficult to break. Transients and their youngsters regularly think that its difficult to change in accordance with the Australian educational system as they frequently originate from nations that have poor training framework, and regardless of whether they have tertiary capabilities they for the most part are not perceived, bringing about them taking lower paid and lower status employments. Common laborers youngsters regularly go to schools in average workers rural areas where students are coordinated into common laborers employments. A high number of understudies leave school early and the desire that they will go to college is low. In examination, privileged youngsters go to non-public schools, and the desire that they will go to college is high. Transients and ethnic gatherings are frequently at a lower end of the financial scale (Aspin, 1996, p. 87) Migrants show up with minimal expenditure and scarcely any aptitudes. As of now off guard with language hindrances, vagrants and ethnic gatherings are likewise confronted with bigotry and separation as they continued looking for business. In 1996, One Nation ideological group pioneer Pauline Hanson gave a discourse that guaranteed that Australia was being overpowered by ‘Asians and expected that Asians were assuming control over occupations. The truth of the matter is that Asians at the time just represented 5% of all out populace and ‘there is little proof to help the case that high paces of migration ‘cause joblessness or ‘cause Australians to lose their positions (Bessant, 2002, p. 219). Indigenous individuals had a 24. 3% joblessness rate as per 1996 statistics (ABS 2000:23). Indigenous individuals are typically less fortunate than most non-indigenous Australians and get a lower pay on normal than the complete populace. The family unit salary for Aborigines in 1994 was $158 contrasted with $310 for white Australians (ABS 2000C:23) This additionally mirrors the reality the there is a higher dependence by the Aboriginal populace on government managed savings installments (ABS 1996b: 122-4) Socioeconomic status is a significant determinant of disparity as it impacts get to an individual has to the financial assets of a general public. L. J. Aspin (1996) clarifies that white Australian-conceived guys have a superior possibility of acquiring access to the assets of society. Disparity is likewise reflected in the differential access to lodging and wellbeing administrations. For individuals who are paying rent and on a low pay, it is practically difficult to put something aside for a store on a house simultaneously. Natives and vagrants endure separation in rental convenience, where landowners leaning toward a two-parent, white, Anglo-Saxon families. Just 10% of Aborigines own lodging contrasted with 70% of white Australia populace (Aspin, 1996, p. 87). Most Aborigines live in country and commonplace Australia (Bessant, 2002, p. 226) a long way from huge urban communities where there are more occupations, more generously compensated employments, better training, better lodging, great water and sanitation administrations, clinic clinical administrations and other network civilities. Some ethnic foundations are as yet not acknowledged in our general public and are dealt with distinctively and inconsistent. We see and catch wind of them on an everyday premise. As of late the Indian people group in Australia, particularly understudies have become a powerless objective for assaults, regardless of whether supremacist or not. On 31 May 2009 in Melbourne, around 5000 understudies walked through the roads of Melbourne challenging these assaults on Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi understudies. 25-year-old Sravan Kumar Theerthala was in a genuine condition in concentrated consideration subsequent to being wounded in the head with a screwdriver multi week sooner (Bolton Peterson, 2009). In an article in The Age paper on February 19 Victorian police guaranteed that these assaults are not racially propelled, yet sharp where Indian understudies are â€Å"over speaking to themselves as victims† and can be viewed as vulnerable objectives. The police likewise prompted them â€Å"not to communicate in their local language loudly† or show indications of riches. Assaults on Indians aren’t the main claim Australia has looked throughout the years. It appears that anybody in power, including police, lawmakers or the media has tended to by one way or another flare these assaults. In the Herald Sun on 11 June 2009, 3AW’s Neil Mitchell stated: â€Å"Australians are additionally bas

blood brothers

kindred spirits As like each other as two new pins.Within the play Mickey and Edward are introduced diversely because of their childhood. Mickey is made to be agreeable and extremely gutsy, as he like to play experience games with his companions. Edward is introduced as a cordial, liberal character who a respectful, modest little boy.There are numerous distinctions and likenesses all through the play.The first contrast is that Mickey makes companions effectively than, dissimilar to Edward who scarcely has any companions this is on the grounds that Mrs Lyons seldom releases Edward out to play. Mrs Johnston lets Mickey wander round unreservedly with no guidelines this lets Mickey mingle more than Edward.Another contrast is there training. Edward has superior instruction than Mickey as Edwards' folks can bear to send him to a tuition based school. Edward knows numerous enormous words, which an ordinary multi year old would not. For instance in the play if Edward doesn't have the foggiest idea about the importance of a word he would get his word reference out and find it then again Mickey doesn't have the foggiest idea what a word reference is.This proposes to the peruser Edward has a decent, solid instruction and that he is independent.The next distinction among Mickey and Edward is the class of their families. Mickey originates from a lower class family than Edward. Mickey's family gets stepped like earth from the police officer as he undermined the Johnston family with court. The police officer acts the inverse with the Lyons family as he has a scotch with Mr Lyons, this shows he needs to remain on their great side and accuses the lower class for Edwards botches as he said If y' don't worry about me sayin' this I don't know I'd let him blend in with any semblance of them later on,

Persuasive Memo Approval Of Public Relations Plan

Question: Author a letter on endorsement of advertising plan. Answer: To: CEO Bertrand Green From: Director of advertising Subject: Approval of Public relations plan Our organization, Easy to Be Green, is planned for preserving the earth. It is naturally neighborly and has great relations with the network. From late research, it is apparent that our nearby contacts are not as much keen on our locale relations activities; this has prompted a slight fall in deals. Being the advertising executive, am proactive to the organization's locale relations. These occasions that have happened might not have any effect on the organization, however I might want to follow up on them to secure the organization. From the perspective on our parking garage, a large portion of our representatives drive vehicles that are gas guzzlers, for example, SUVs and pick-ups. The organization's administration and conveyance vans are additionally not ecological well disposed. From my examination, have discovered a nearby half and half vehicle dealer, who has an intriguing arrangement to offer. Representatives working for an organization that will buy cross breeds as organization vans will get refunds in the event that they buy half and halves for themselves. A cross breed vehicle uses over a solitary mean of impetus for example diesel and an electric motor(Fenn, 2016). Its uses less fuel and discharge less carbon dioxide making it all the more naturally friendly(Webster, 2016). Our organization being worried about ecological protection, it ought to mull over purchasing a couple of half and half vehicles and convince workers to buy cross breeds for themselves. This is my conditional arrangement to shield our organization from being blamed for fraud and to improve our locale relations. The numerous focal points that crossover vehicles have will exceed the disadvantages(Fenn, 2016). It is exorbitant to buy yet over the long haul it will spare a great deal on fuel costs and will monitor the earth which is the fundamental strategic our organization. Workers will set a genuine model for the network by utilizing these mixture vehicles. A great many people love to gain from the activity, and this will be a decent stage to instruct the individuals in the network how to viably be natural well disposed. This will improve our advertising. The representatives will be associated with organization exercises; this propels them and in the long haul there will be certain outcomes from the organization. I thusly as of now look for your endorsement to seek after this arrangement. References Fenn, K. (2016, June 1). Half and half Vehicles-Advantages and Disadvantages. Recovered from https://www.preventclimatechange.co.uk: https://www.preventclimatechange.co.uk/half breed vehicles.html Webster, T. (2016, September 22). What is a half and half vehicle? Recovered from https://www.whatcar.com: https://www.whatcar.com/news/cross breed vehicle/

The Hessian Essays - Christianity, Congregationalism,

The Hessian Living in a partitioned society dependent on the religions of the Puritans and the Quakers, Evan Feversham searched out his own strict confidence through his every day associations with both strict gatherings. Evan Feversham was a critical man who had been observer to far to numerous wars and wretchedness. In a world as of now so brimming with abhor and trouble, he could no longer bear to observe such awful demonstrations of mercilessness upon the anguish, yet he managed them every day being a specialist. He was a man of reason, endeavoring to take care of his issues with easy thinking, for he didn't have faith in much any longer because of the occasions he had seen with his own eyes. From the early periods of his life, Feversham had next to no confidence in God, for he felt that God had let him somewhere around permitting the passing of his dad. Starting there on, he had seen innumerable different passings through support in various wars and being a specialist. He was a man with almost no confidence in humanity, for all he saw were the passing and wretchedness that others delivered upon one another. He started to lose increasingly more of his confidence in God and started to reason progre ssively regarding why things occurred and were the path there were. Through his day by day connections with both the Puritans and the Quakers, Evan Feversham acknowledged both strict gatherings somewhat better and got a portion of their strict convictions. Dr. Feversham and Squire Hunt didn't care for one another a piece, for they shared various perspectives about God's promise. also, I state let them go, let them backpedal on their lousy boat and sail away, and afterward maybe, we can live the manner in which God implied us to.? ?Will you read me God's assertion, Feversham? I'll peruse you some ? tit for tat and a tooth for a tooth.? (35) Dr. Feversham believed that Squire Hunt was a severe man following up on his feelings and never giving himself an opportunity to reason. It appeared that each time Dr. Feversham got together with individuals from the Puritan party, he would attempt to dissuade Quaker convictions, anyway at whatever point he got together with individuals from the Quaker party, he would motivation to them with Puritan convictions. In part six, Dr. Feversham attempts to prevail upon Sally about what the Puritans would do with Hans Pohl whenever got, ?I have seen Hessians sold into a lifetime of subjugation for thirty dollars and I have seen their ladies assaulted with pleasure, and I have seen the Hessians beat to death.? (87-88) and why she shouldn't engage in the entire issue. When prevailing upon the Quakers, it appears that Dr. Feversham loses his feeling of sympathy, but instead becomes what he ?thinks? he loathes most, which is being Squire Hunt. ?Well it's not as silly as it would seem, by all accounts, to be and possibly not as brutal it is possible that, it is only a ramifications of that fine old rule, tit for tat and a tooth for a tooth.? (88) Evan Feversham was a confounded man who didn't have a clue what the contrast between right or wrong was any longer. His collaborations with both the Puritans and the Quakers gave him new thoughts regarding his own confidence and convictions. It appeared that he would take on inverse convictions of whichever bunch he was chatting with. At the point when he talked with Squire Hunt, Dr. Feversham would differ with the Puritan convictions and strict confidence, believing that they were extremely severe and unfeeling for the disturbed. In any case, while speeking with the Quakers, he would assume the side of the Puritans, believing that the Quakers were unreasonably merciful. Evan Feversham saw the world through thinking, while the Quakers saw the world through carefully their eyes and what they saw. ?No. I have seen such things. It is anything but a thing that a kid should see.? (182) ?Let her go, Evan. We don't dismiss our eyes from the world. We acknowledge it all things considered. So mething else, even our own confidence won't spare us.? (183) Book Reports

An Analysis of Marilyn Monroes Life - Free Essay Example

This is a research and psychoanalysis paper on Marilyn Monroe and the life that she lived. The first part explores many aspects of her life, starting with her childhood and ending in the passing of Marilyn. The start goes into her heritage and later discusses how that, and the rest of her life, affected her psychologically. The second aspect of this paper is the analysis of her psychologically, diving into the multiple psychological theories and perspectives and how her entire life is taken into context by these perspectives. Her personal views are all considered with these perspectives and how they made her the person she was. Lastly, this paper ends with personal thoughts and a reflection of how I felt individually toward the information given and researched. An Analysis of Marilyn Monroes Life Marilyn Monroe. When those words were uttered in the 1940s through 60s, most all would associate a feeling of sensuality and womanhood. Marilyn had a life that was unlike a regular persons and she was remembered for several aspects of this life she lived. A woman of independence, grace, and sexual appeal, Monroe had a background that not many investigated during her lifetime, yet that had an impact on who she was, how she felt internally and how her life came to an end. Her life story, starting with her childhood, had an impact on many people and she will be remembered throughout history for her looks, career and various relationships in which she was involved, which all roots back to her psychological state and mental state of mind. A mystery in a nutshell, Marilyn Monroe is a woman to be studied and analyzed closely because of her disturbing childhood, life of fame, and tragic death, all making analyzers wonder, what was truly going on in her mind?   Description of Marilyn Monroes Life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marilyn Monroe did not start her life with the idolized name that we now call her; she was formally known as Norma Jean Mortenson. An innocent, young girl, starting out a life with a desperate need of love, Norma Jean was raised in orphanage and foster homes because her mother was admitted into a mental institution and her dad deserted her family when she was young. When looking in to the past of this little girl who became a woman too young, it is easy to see how her mother had an impact on her life. Norma Jean, or Marilyn Monroe, had a mother named Gladys Pearl, who was born in May of 1902. Gladys had her own struggles growing up, which rooted within her own upraising. Gladys mother, Della, was married to a man named Otis Elmer Monroe, Gladys father. Otis ended up dying mysteriously after a terrible sickness, which led to her mother having men in the house, left and right. (Spoto 5) So, as Marilyns mother was on the edge of young adulthood, she was rece iving mixed signals about marriage, family and parenthood from her own mother and was observing her mothers actions closely, which were implying that men were   [a necessity] to a womans life. (Spoto 6) As life continued, Gladys branched off onto her own path, as her mother was not a fully dependable woman for her. She met new people and new men, and eventually had a child of her own, Norma Jean. Sadly, Norma Jean did not have good figures or leaders to look up to as she grew up, as her father abandoned her at a young age and her mother, Gladys, ended up being admitted to a mental hospital, due to her own mental disease and troubles. She later passed away, leaving Norma Jean alone. Catherina Henry makes a very accurate point on her childhood, stating that [Norma Jeans] genetic heritage did nothing to encourage her to envision a future as a responsible adult. (Henry 849) After her mothers passing, Norma Jean was put into the orphanage and fostering system, where she developed her i nitial sense of loneliness in life and she was defined as emotional neglect as a child. She became the victim of sexual abuse at the age of 8, and continued her life through the neglect and abuse that she had already faced at such a young age. (Haas 607) Norma Jean then married at 16 to avoid staying in the foster system and dependence on old family friends, to a man four years older. Marriage spared Marilyn from further sexual abuse from older men and alleviated the obligation of family friends to care for her. (Haas 607) Soon after though, her husband went away to war and she found a job at the Radio Plane munitions plant, where she spent most of her time. At this job, she was discovered by a photographer who asked to photograph her for a shoot that encouraged women working while men were away at war. After this, the photographer helped her land a modeling contract, and she then dyed her then-brown locks to bleach blonde, divorced her husband, and started to pursue her personal interests of acting. Norma Jean was twenty at the time, and she quickly found good acting jobs, which led to her being the newest lead of talent at Twentieth Century Fox. This booming movie production company renamed Norma Jean as Marilyn, and she took Monroe as her new last name, which she based off of her grandmothers last name. Throughout her acting career, Marilyn Monroe was affected by her past, letting her own insecurities impact her life greatly. She did not quite know what to do with her fame and how to get the things that she wanted. Monroe [involved] herself repeatedly with men in general and also to score movie auditions. (Haas 607) So, this in itself did not lead to a long acting career for Marilyn and led to even more insecurities being created and dug up from her childhood. Marilyn Monroe was known as a sex symbol throughout her life, as she radiated beauty and elegance. When she married again to baseball player Joe DiMaggio, he was possessive of her and most could not handle how sexualized she was in Hollywood, and in the eyes of other men. Not too long after, Marilyn married a well-known playwright named Arthur Miller, and soon after this she created her own company, named Marilyn Monroe Productions. Marrying Miller was something that Marilyn did for a variety of her own personal reasons, but one that was observed was so that she could be taken more seriously in the acting industry. This marriage ended up failing though, as Monroes enormous psychological and emotional needs and her increased reliance on prescription drugs and alcohol to ease the pain of miscarriages, insomnia, and crippling stage fright weighed heavy on herself and other around her. (Haas 608) Because of her dwindling and declining mental state, Marilyn Monroes acting career came to a n end. Slowly, because of her own personal pain and psychological issues, including but not limited to, depression, anxiety, and being affected by abuse, Marilyn began to lose her spark and motivation in life. In August of 1962, Marilyn Monroe was found in her bed, her life lost to the effects of a barbiturate overdose. Integration of Marilyn Monroes Life with Psychological Theory The number of negative events in Marilyn Monroes life were vast and are truly sad to read. There are many different perspectives that can be used to analyze her life and that most definitely have to do with her psychological development and destruction. Looking into Marilyns biology, it is seen that her inheritance had a big impact on her throughout her entire life. Her mothers psychological state is one of the biggest impacts on her genetically and biologically, as she inherited some of the same characteristics of strong anxiety and depression. Marilyns mother, Gladys, had parents that were not secure and dependable, as one passed away and the other was more concerned with herself than her daughter. Gladys was most definitely psychologically affected by the upraising and it is easy to believe that this affected Marilyn biologically, as Gladys is the one who birthed her. Looking biologically, also, it can be observed that Marilyns feelings were not always stable, and, in this day and time, they are detectors of biological and psychological issues in someone. But Marilyn was not only affected biologically, as there were many unconscious behaviors that had to do with her psychological state. Sigmund Freud studied the psychoanalytic and psychodynamic perspectives, which have to do with these unconscious thoughts and behaviors, and his studies reflect and relate to Marilyn Monroe. Mannie Sher talks about how there are several components to the unconscious mind and why it either inhibit or prohibits us from doing certain things or having certain behaviors. For example, Sher talks about anxiety and how that is something that can be an unconscious issue for people, and that with this acting against somebody in their unconscious mind, they might have issues [managing] themselves in their systematic roles. (Sher 1260) Marilyn started her life as a neglected, abused girl, and when she became older and started to get the attention that she did as a sex symbol, she took it and ran with it. To a certain extent, Monroe defined her own identity by what other people thought of her, and the anxiety of her losing that attention and fame was very real. The psychoanalytic state of mind was activated for Marilyn Monroe by this craving to maintain attention and fame, which shows that she was under pressure   from [herself and] from outside perspectives and opinions. (Sher 1260) Marilyns behaviors are also something that can be deeply analyzed, in many aspects, as she acted certain ways because of her environment. Being a sex symbol, she had to have had her guard up to a certain extent, most likely not feeling safe at all times. Men were constantly staring at her, sexualizing her and considering her an object. This is not the best place to be in and would lead many women including Marilyn assumedly, to feel internally insecure and as if her outside if the only thing that matters. But, on the outside, Marilyn most always looked calm, cool and collected as she liked the attention she got, even when there were many people that made her feel uncomfortable, because of the way that she was viewed. Also, as a child her feeling of abandonment and loneliness most definitely could have led to her wanting to have attention, even if it was sexually. So, her collected behavior could have been a reflection of her persisting urge to be valued and wanted. Looking at Marilyn in a humanistic perspective, it is recognizable that she lacked in feelings of fulfillment and seemed to usually end up in a negative place internally rather than positive. Since humanistic perspective focuses on well-being based on self-image and some other factors, Marilyn Monroe is easily seen to be lacking in a stable perception of herself and life. Marilyn constantly wanted to maintain a perfect demeanor and flawless looks, which is not a healthy way to go about life, since as humans we are not flawless, and we do make mistakes. She was definitely motivated in some parts of her life; to reach her goals in acting, modeling and gaining the attention of others, but the dependence on others and getting their attention being the ultimate goal behind all of her others, is what was unhealthy for her mental state. In a humanistic perspective, it is not a healthy way to go about life because if feeling fulfilled and whole comes from dependence on others and their attention, your psychological state will end up deteriorating. As for Marilyns cognitive state of mind, perception and problem solving are things to be analyzed in her life. Marilyn perception of things were once again, deep down, solely based on attention from other people, and wanting to be fulfilled by them. But this was not good for her mental health, as humans are not always dependable and will repeatedly let you down. So, her depending so much on others and their opinions of her was believed to have led to her depression and later overdose. Marilyns perception of life was also affected by this depen dence on others and finding her identity in other peoples opinions of her. Her depression and mental decline are things that most definitely could have started with her dependence on others, which became such a significant element to her life originally because of her neglect as a child. Overall, Marilyn Monroe was psychologically affected in her life by many circumstances, starting with her childhood, which than led to a constant yearning for love and affection throughout her life, ending her life journey at a tragically young age. Personal Thoughts and Reflection Researching Marilyn Monroe has been one of the most interesting yet heartbreaking things to do. I was personally affected by this because it breaks my heart to think of somebody wanting and yearning for love so strongly that they want to take their own life, because the pain is too extensive. Seeing how Marilyn was affected psychologically throughout her life was very interesting to read about, as it really did root back to her childhood and even to her mothers childhood too. Marilyn did not necessarily meet my preconceived notions, because based on the information I have collected lightly over the years, I just thought of her as that woman who was a sex symbol to a lot of people and really popular for her beauty. (Spoken in my own casual, initial thoughts) I honestly did not even originally know how popular she had been for her acting, and I did not know that she started her own production company. What was challenged or brought up for me in my head throughout this analysis, was TRU LY how hard it was for her to simply be viewed as a pretty girl. I would never want to be viewed purely for looks. Especially when trying to find someone to spend your life with, she not only had to deal with her fame but men truly only wanting her for her physical appearance. And that must have been extremely discouraging for her, making her think several times that being physically beautiful is all that she was worth. That specifically is so sad because what is on the inside is what is MOST important, because looks only go so far in your own self esteem. I imagine feeling beautiful on the outside but the opposite on the inside as an awful feeling, and to think that Marilyn may have experienced that based on what others thought of her, is so sad to me. I find it hard to say, if I was Marilyn   because I was not. I did not experience the childhood, pain or being viewed as an object like she did. But what I would say to her, if I could, is that she needs to not depend on other peop le. I personally think that since it is a given for humans to mess up, you can never fully depend on them. Family is one of the few things that I depend on, but she did not even have that. So, if I could speak to Marilyn Monroe, I would say, all you need is God. Humans are going to hurt you, doubt you and think you arent enough, but you are always enough to God, and he loves you endlessly. That is my personal view on Marilyn Monroe and I am sad that her life had to end the way that it did, and that she experienced the pain that she did. I believe that she is in a better place now and I hope that I can be a light and a true friend to anyone and people that experience the kind of pain that she did, in their lives.

Background On The Banking Industry In Pakistan - Free Essay Example

Over the years, banking sector of Pakistan showed massive growth and potential. The performance and strength indicator represents significant improvement in the success of banking system of Pakistan. The banking sector of Pakistan had faced pressures from 2008 onward after gigantic amount of growth. Such as the liquidity crisis and solvency hitch had significantly affected the performance of banking and economy. The financial institution possibly managed the situation well devoid of any trouble. The adequate amount of liquidity had vacant to fulfill the requirement. Since the banks were working in a very tight market conditions and enforced to pay attractiveness rates to the depositors to attract liquidity. The government required to extend own resources to generate the money. The huge amount of borrowed funds by the government lay troubled on the economy. The government major responsibility was to regularize borrowed funds from the banks but also place some sort of control on money generation. All of the factors had pooled to set a stage where the lending rates were far above the ground and having huge amount of burden on the banks financials. In recent years the huge amount of provision created by the bank and due to the amount of nonperforming loans increased at rapid speed. The heavy provisions against bed debts had put burned on the bank financials. The stability of overall economy was based upon the stability of the banking system. The effective and efficient growth of saving and investment decision contributes to a stable macroeconomic environment. The major role was played by the State Bank of Pakistan for the efficient and effective growth in the economy. The guideline provided by the State Bank of Pakistan to the financial institution to take part in the development by mobilizing the resources of the economy and facilitating the investors. The bank had the ability to predict and avoid risk to cover up the losses brought by arisen risk. Generally the important necessity of a competitive banking institution and the cheapest source of funds were profit making. For successful banking in a growing competition financial market the profit was the essential and requirement. The main specifics reason to focus on the current issue of banks profitability. The factors were influencing the banks efficiency and effectiveness to manage the portfolio. Assets intended to achieve profitability and identify the areas where possible room for raising the profitability available. The Banks assets were group into two categories, the non earning assets and the earning assets. Earning assets means the assets on which banks had earned the non earning assets and the interest income, means the assets which to be used for the point of reserve requirement, i.e. fixed assets used to run day to day operational activities. The assets were the main source of income for banks. Therefore regular returns generation ability of the assets had a significant influence on the banks profitability and performance. The study had focused on return on equity and the equity to asset ratio. The return on equity measures how much shareholders earned for investments in the company. Equity to asset ratio expresses the amount of the total assets financed by the owners equity capital, indicates the finance and profitability of the company and was the major source of income for banks. Therefore income generation ability of assets had a vital influence on the banks earnings, performance and p rofitability. The return on equity reveals that how greatly the profit corporations earned in association to the total amount of the shareholder equity originate on the balance sheet. The shareholders equity that equals to the total assets less the total liabilities. The shareholders equity was the formation of the accounting that represents the assets that were created by the retained earnings of the business and the paid in capital of the owners. Business with higher return on equity was expected to be the one that capable of generating cash internally. The return on equity figures takes into account that the retained earnings from the preceding year that tells the investor that how effectively capital being re invested. 1.2 Problem Statement The rapid fluctuation in share prices and interest rate had a significant impact on capital as well on banks earning. As the prices and interest rate deviate the capital move both ways or vice versa. Which ultimately affect the banks earning. 1.3 Hypotheses There was a significant and negative impact of capital to assets ratio on return on equity. 1.4 Outline of the Study The research structure based on five chapters as follows: Introduction about the Banking sector of Pakistan and role in economy. The literature review had provided theoretical background of the research and cites author had previously researched on the topic of impact of capital on banks earning. The research methods chapter included method of data collection, statistical technique and hypothesis development. The results chapter had included findings and interpretation of the results. The conclusion, discussions, implications and recommendation section provided the final logical analysis. 1.5 Definitions 1.5.1 Return on Equity The ratio indicates how beneficial a company by comparing net income to average shareholders equity. The  rate of return measures how much shareholders earned for the investment in a company. The higher the ratio percentage, the more efficient management was in utilizing equity base and the better return to investors. 1.5.2 Capital to Asset Ratio Capital to asset ratio was defined as ratio of equity to asset. Equity to asset ratio indicates the amount of the total assets financed by owners equity capital. The equity to asset ratio indicates the finance and profitability of the company. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW The explanation of the research was to observe personally the capital-earnings association to try to conclude which between the possible explanations of the association appear to be important. Data from the Report, almost insured U.S. commercial bank used, yielding an unusually huge data set of over 80,000 bank-year report (Berger, 1995). The U.S. tax system imparts a benefit to debt finance throughout management of interest payments as a tax-deductible expenditure. Debt in that framework refers mostly to deposits. Even though the tax system also encourages use of subordinated debt over equity, banks were partial by regulation in the quantity of debt employ as capital and subordinated debt constituted only 0.57 percent of total bank debt in 1978. Deposit finance was further optimistic by the level fee structure charge for deposit insurance by the FDIC, which permits the bank to boost the value of the insurance and own value, by increasing leverage (Marcus, 1983). Study in banking literature and in more broad industrial organization literature find a positive statistical connection between profitability and way of market construction either concentration or market share. On earliest blush, that recommend with the purpose of the present wave of amalgamation activity in the banking industry was encouraged by the potential benefits from superior market power created by growing the attention or market shares of the reconciliation firms. The conventional structure conduct performance hypothesis (SCP) assert with the aim of that finding reflect the setting of prices less favourable to customers (lower deposit rates, higher loan rates) in further concentrated markets because of the product of feasible imperfections in the market. A related assumption be the relative-market- power hypothesis (RMP), state basically firms among huge market shares and well differentiated goods were able to implement market power in pricing products and receive supernorma l profits (Shepherd, 1972). Common liquidation costs more or less certainly enlarged significantly in the 1980s. The outlook of bank failure enhanced as the quantity of failure increase from ten or fewer per year as delayed as 1981. In adding together, opposition for bank products improved for the reason of the removal of a number of interstate banking limitations, liberalized bank charters, as well as globalization of banking markets. Supporting conclusion institute a turn down within bank charter values through 1986 with determined through the reason of decline an important reason of the increase in bank failure (Keeley, 1990). Prior experimental studies were furthermore focused more on book values rather than market values of debt and equity, even though market values offer improved estimates of the security afforded by investment. The preparation exists somewhat reasonable by means of the interest rewarded to book values by bank regulator. On the other hand, the rising use of qualitative factor the same as well as a book ratio in capital regulation indicates with the purpose of regulators conscious of deficiencies in book values. Several of the so called qualitative consideration was exactly the factor distinguishes market as of book value (Marcus, 1983). Investment could moreover influence earnings throughout operating costs. If banks be not entirely cost efficient, a change in CAR influence the force on management to control costs. Investment was highly expensive compared to debt at the margin, the time of increase in capital precipitate by regulator power. On the other hand, the decrease in debt servicing load could reduce short-term pressures to set aside on operating costs to provide resources to reimburse debt holders or acquire away from debt holders the organize require in the occurrence of organization costs (Jensen, 1986; Harris and Raviv, 1990). One more complexity with narrative was the purpose of the implication of the ES hypotheses about the things of effectiveness on market structure having certainly not been experienced. An essential condition for the ES hypotheses on the way to be true was the effectiveness was positively associated to attentiveness and/or market share. Once more, direct method of efficiency was required for the task (Berger, 1995). In the study, the optimistic profit-market share association support ESS, the scale efficiencies completely linked to both variables. Still in several studies does manage for scale, ESS possibly be the primary explanation of the data. The reason does not directly measures scale efficiencies but had often been particular do not allow for U-shaped standard cost curves. Obviously, the literature cannot differentiate in the middle of the various hypotheses devoid of including shortest measures of both X-efficiencies as well as scale efficiencies (Berger, 1995). The positive earnings to capital was steady with the hypothesis to facilitate banks retain several marginal earnings in the shape of equity increase. The judgment was not surprising to pay main attention, on the other hand, to the positive since capital to earnings, which was quite astonishing. The result was also the most applicable to the strategy debate over capital standards, and the individual most directly challenges conservative wisdom (Berger, 1995). Former studies were experienced the MP hypotheses individually by investigative the price concentration connection, again lacking the assistance of efficiency variables. Prices were regress next to attention and/or market share, and a result of less favourable prices for customers of firms in more intense markets or with larger market shares were occupied as support for the suitable MP hypothesis (Berger, Hannan, 1989 and Hannan, 1991). Bank capital was the sum of equity plus debt subordinated to deposits. Capital provides a cushion to protect the bank from insolvency when the value of assets falls; a bank can meet obligations to depositors as long as losses on asset portfolio do not exceed the capital. The ratio of capital to total assets in U.S. commercial banks had fallen dramatically in the last two decades, dropping from 11.7 percent in 1961 to 5.7 percent in 1978, the lowest level since World War I (Marcus, 1983). On the other hand, such test was also challenging because the disqualified efficiency variables possibly be related with equally prices and market structure. Beneath the ES hypotheses, prices comparatively positive for customers of firm in intense markets or with large shares the reason of the disqualified efficiency variables, so the coefficients of attentiveness and share in such a price equation can represent a net result of the different hypotheses. An irrelevant market structure coefficient cannot be use to differentiate between cases in which mutually MP and ES effects neither functioning. A potentially more severe trouble was at hand if effectiveness was unenthusiastically related with focus or market share. Probably occur in banking because the maximum concentration and largest shares were regularly in country markets where firms possibly of less capable scale or everywhere organization or other factors of construction were moderately poor quality (Berger, 1995). The advantages of deposit finance were offset by two factors. First, bankruptcy was costly to owners entails the loss of the bank charter as well as other direct costs. Second, regulatory pressure for adequate capital results in additional auditing costs, regulatory interference, and, in extreme cases, loss of FDIC deposit insurance. The bank thus maximizes value by increasing equity to the point at which the marginal value of reduced regulatory pressure and potential bankruptcy costs equals the marginal tax disadvantage of equity finance (Marcus, 1983). At that point, the optimistic profit-structure connection was false, slightly than of direct origin, with competence driving both profits and market structure. Below the scale effectiveness report of the efficient arrangement hypothesis (ESS), firms basically equally good management and technology, but a number of firms simply produce at more well-organized scales than others, and as a result lesser unit costs and superior unit profits. The firms theoretically having large market shares possibly result in high levels of absorption, again yielding a positive profit structure association as a forged outcome (Lambson, 1987). The market power (MP) hypothesis had fundamentally different implication from the two -structure (ES) hypotheses for amalgamation and antitrust policy. To the degree the MP hypotheses were accurate, mergers motivated by requirements to set prices were less constructive to consumers, which decrease total customer plus producer surplus. To the degree the ES hypotheses were correct, merger motivated by capability deliberation increase total surplus. Therefore, advocate of the MP hypotheses lean to see antitrust enforcement as generally favourable, while ES advocates tend to see strategy hold back mergers as socially costly (Berger, 1995). The result also disagree with several opinion supposed to validate distance requirements for instance, the free of charge banks grip too a small number of reserves and too dangerous portfolio (Cothren, 1987). Reserve needs were required because of the ethical hazard problem linked with deposit insurance. The results propose not only deposit insurance and lender of last resort be not inevitably mandatory to prevent panic but, without reserve requirements, superior banks incentive to grasp reserves indicate the superiority (Freeman, 1988) Moreover theoretical input, research provide official test of bank signaling. The nonexistence of central bank or lender of last resort during 1964-65 serves as a test whether free banks signaled to avoid contagious runs. The experimental result supports the signaling hypothesis. Ultimately, the paper proposes empirical measures also appropriate in testing other signaling hypotheses, mainly multi-signaling (Chu, 1999). on the other hand, one quarrel in opposition to free banking a fall down because of externalities due asymmetric informational It was tremendously complicated to differentiate between a comparative far above the ground rate of return accessible because of greater efficiency and single was presented because the establishment was also tasking much riskier strategy (Goodhart, 1988). Though, information asymmetries do not involve marketplace forces fail to make sure high-quality banking practice. On other hand confirmation earlier to the institution of the FDIC depositors and note holder cares about banks financial circumstances and carefully scrutinizes balance sheets (Kaufman, 1988). Initially, showed banks deposit rate and risk-free resources investment can be a shared signal of bank quality. At the same time as deposit rates single-handedly a noisy indicator, depositors know how to supplementary use accessible information to monitor banks. In a unscrambling equilibrium, a good bank signals superiority by contributing a lower deposit rate and investing a higher proportion of liquid, risk-free asset as a bad bank. The bank information eradicate banking panics even in a non-diamond banking system was even everywhere individual banks can not completely expand and no secondary markets for bank loans, equity, and deposits (Gorton and Haubrich, 1987). Such separating balance means asymmetric in sequence does not unavoidably lead to contagious bank runs. However, the signal at time rules out contagions base on wrong attributions of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“bad banking only. Contagions possibly still arise if depositors anticipate bank loans to go unpleasant for reason independent of bank quality. Consequently, a role motionless exists for former supplementary panic devices, such as delay contracts (Chu, 1999). It always lead to free-rider and an externalities problem as well as contagious bank runs because depositors, mostly small ones, cannot distinguish between strong and trouble banks. As a result, conveniently there was no guarantee competitive stress had implement good banking training, and a central bank was mandatory to correct market failure to in sequence asymmetry (Chu, 1999). Banks was confidential into diverse types base on the bankers excellence, which vary because of differences in guidance, managerial skills, experience, and specialized ethics. A banks kind was denoted by an arbitrary variable 0, where 0 E (), the set of all doable types. Bank excellence affects the expected net return on assets the loan scheme was reduced in cost by the higher the value of 0, the lower was the banks quality. At the opening of the game, Nature determines the type of banks in the industry. For ease, presume only two types good and bad. After 0was realize, banks offer deposit contract to depositors. Base own type, banks decide deposit rates, to make the most of the expected profits. The contract was fixed rate and not state contingent for the reason of costly state substantiation (Townsend, 1979). But the preliminary stability was separating; bank cannot be communicable for the reason depositors can recognize good banks by the signal. A run occur for getaway to quality. Comparable to bank capital, the responsibility of the signal here was for good quality banks to rule out contagions. Bank runs play a significant role by given incentive for depositors to observe banks and also for banks to signal excellence. The difference from the cases of deferment of convertibility (Gorton, 1985; Dowd, 1988 and Selgin, 1993). In addition, even though the latter plans ideally give out as a signal as well as a beneficial measure to re-establish stability when a panic was begun, the position in practice was still debatable. Experiential evidence was consequently needed to settle on whether banks actually sign and signal had used (Friedman and Schwartz, 1963). CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODS The chapter formed the core of the research work. The research methods chapter illustrated the detail information regarding data collection technique, sample size and also the tools had been used in the study. The statistical tool also mentioned to give clear idea about the data collected and treatment. 3.1 Method of Data Collection There were two types of sources available for data collection i.e. primary and secondary data source. In the research secondary data source had been used. Secondary data were gathered from annual reports of the company and remaining data collected by using the formula of studied variables return on equity ratio and capital asset ratio. The annual financial information extracted from selected financial institution web site. Such as annual statements. 3.2 Sampling Technique The study period was consists of six years from (2004-2009). The main reason for short study period was the availability of the relevant data. Ten major banks in Pakistan were selected from total population of thirty three in the banking industry. The ten major banks covered 78% market share of Pakistan banking industry. The selection of banks made on the basis of total assets for the period ended December 31, 2009. 3.3 Sampling size Sample size used for the study was 10 different banks on the basis of the market share. The ten major banks covered 78% market share of Pakistan banking industry. The selection of banks made on the basis of total assets for the period ended December 31, 2009. 3.4 Instrument of Data Collection There were two types of sources available for data collection i.e. primary and secondary data. In the research secondary data was used. Secondary data was gathered from annual reports of the company and remaining data calculated by using the formula of studied variables. 3.5 Research Model Developed ROE =ÃŽÂ ±+ÃŽÂ ²1CAR+à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ ÃŽÂ ± = Regression Constant Alpha ÃŽÂ ² = Regression Coefficient Beta ROE = Return on Equity CAR = Capital to Asset Ratio à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ = Error 3.6 Statistical Technique The data were analyzed by using regression model to find out the impact of capital to asset ratio on return on equity. CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 4.1 Data Analysis and Findings Table 4.1: Descriptive Statistics    Mean Std. Deviation N ROE 0.211 0.113 60 CAR 0.073 0.036 60 The value of mean shown the average values, Standard deviation shown the variability of each dependant and independent variable and N represented the number of cases in the analysis. Each banks average return on equity ratio was 0.211percent and Variability in the return on equity was 0.113 percent. The result showed return on equity increased during six years and major contribution was from big five nationalized banking industry. Average CAR during six years was 0.073 percent. While variation appeared was 0.036 percent. Table 4.2: Summary of Regression Result R R Square Std. Error of the Estimate 0.483 0.233 0.100 The table 4.2 displayed R, R Squared and the standard error. R represented the multiple correlation coefficients and the relationship between the independent variables and dependant variable. Low value of R 0.483 in model summary table. Indication was weak relationship. R squared value was the proportion of variation in the dependant variable explained by the independent variables. With the linear regression model, the error of estimate was considerably lower, about 0.100. Table 4.3: ANOVA    Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig. Regression 0.175 1 0.175 17.633 0.000 Residual 0.575 58 0.010       Total 0.750 59          The table 4.3 summarized regression output displayed information about the variation accounted for by the model. While, residual indicated information not accounted for by the model. The model with large regression sum of squares indicated the model accounted most of variation explained by the independent variables in the dependent variable. The significance value of the F statistic was less than 0.05, which means the variation explained by the model was not due to chance. While the ANOVA table was a useful test of the models ability to explain any variation in the dependent variable. Table 4.4: Return on Equity    Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta (Constant) 0.323 0.030    10.920 0.000 CAR -1.525 0.363 -0.483 -4.199 0.000 The estimated model equation was = 0.323-1.525 CAR+à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ The impact of significant variable had been mentioned below: One percent increase in capital to asset ratio had decreased the return on equity by 1.525 percent and constant represent the amount when the capital to asset ratio equal to zero. Which was equal to return on equity. The standardized value of capital to asset ratio increase by 1 percent then standardized value of return on equity decreased by 0.483 percent. 4.2 Hypotheses Assessment Summary 4.5: Hypotheses Assessment Summary Hypothesis Independent Variables t value sig. Comments There was a significant and negative impact of capital to asset ratio on return on equity. Capital to Asset Ratio -4.199 0.000 Accepted since there was a significant and negative impact of capital to asset ratio on return on equity. Dependent Variable : Return on Equity CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION, IMPLICATIONS, LIMITATION, FUTURE RESEARCH AND CONCLUSION 5.1 Conclusions The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of capital on banks earnings. Banks efficiency considered the main pillar to run the economy of any country and Pakistan stability and growth mainly dependant on the banking sector. Capital and earnings always been the major building block of any bank for there operations and generation on money. The study period was consists of six years from (2004-2009). The ten major banks covered 78% market share of Pakistan banking industry. The selection of banks made on the basis of total assets for the period ended December 31, 2009. In the research two variables were used based on previous studies. The independent variable was capital to asset ratio and dependent variable was Return on Equity. Regression technique was used to determine the impact of capital to asset ratio on return on equity and finding of the research showed that there was a significant and negative impact of capital to asset ratio on return on equity. The return on equity measures how much shareholders earned for investments in the company. Equity to asset ratio expresses the amount of the total assets financed by owners equity capital, indicates the finance and profitability of the company and was the major source of income for banks. Therefore income generation ability of assets had a vital influence on the banks earnings, performance and profitability. The return on equity reveals that how greatly the profit corporations earned in association to the total amount of the shareholder equity originate on the balance sheet. The shareholders equi ty that equals to the total assets less the total liabilities. The shareholders equity was the formation of the accounting that represents the assets that were created by the retained earnings of the business and the paid in capital of the owners. Business with higher return on equity was expected to be the one that capable of generating cash internally. The return on equity figures takes into account that the retained earnings from the preceding year that tells the investor that how effectively capital being re invested. The finding of the study showed that there was a significant and negative impact of capital to asset ratio on return on equity. As the capital asset ratio increases the return on equity decreases and as capital asset ratio decreases the return on equity increases. Which resulted in pushing up the banks profitability and goodwill. 5.2 Discussions and limitations There were some limitations in the research. Such as; The study period was consists of six years from (2004-2009). The main reason for short study period was the availability of the relevant data. Ten major banks in Pakistan were selected from total population of thirty three in the banking industry. The sample size was consisting of ten major banks in Pakistan. The covered 78% market share of the Pakistan banking industry. 5.3 Implications and Recommendation The current study based on the ten banks. The recommendation was that the study based on all the banks operating in Pakistan. Which provide better judgment and comparison with the international level.

Kafkas Humor Essay - 1388 Words

Kafkas Humor In Franz Kafkas short fiction, The Metamorphosis, the author was able to skillfully express deep emotions while keeping his readers interested throughout the story. Some may say that the story is sad and horrifying, yet Kafka creatively intertwined humor, which is many times quite ironic, into this seemingly sad story. This gives the reader the opportunity to view the situation from a different angle rather than just to focus on the horrific circumstances that Gregor Samsa, Kafkas protagonist, must go through in The Metamorphosis. Margaret Church, a critic in contemporary studies explains, with Kafka we are in the mind of Gregor and are forced to accept this world of Gregor and to recognize it as our own (189).†¦show more content†¦His many legs, which seemed pathetically thin when compared to the rest of his body, flickered helplessly before his eyes (Kennedy 337). This captures the readers interest immediately. We can all agree that this will probably never happen to us. The fact that Kafka even thought of an event like this is already comical. If we were in Gregors situation, we may feel extremely disturbed or even suicidal. However, Gregor instead thought of how to get out of bed and go to work. Gregor also thought of how to explain his situation to his family and the manager from the office. A conventional person would not even think of explaining the fact that one has been transformed... into a monstrous insect, but would rather be overwhelmed by the fact that his or her life is ruined. Here Kafka made such a disastrous situation into what seems to be a temporary annoyance one may face in daily life. What Gregor awakens to on the morning of his metamorphosis is the truth of his life. His ordinary consciousness has lied to him about himself... (Greenburg 70). Whether symbolic or not, from the very beginning, Kafka creates this terrifying bu t funny plot, something that is very unlikely to happen physically, but gives us an insight to what Kafka himself many have been facing every day. The story moves on explaining the horrified family members trying to deal with Gregor as an insect and rejecting him for beingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Franz Kafkas Use of Humor1619 Words   |  7 PagesFranz Kafkas Use of Humor Franz Kafka, born on July 3, 1883 in Bohemia, in the city of Prague, has been recognized as one of the greatest writers of the twentieth century. His works have been called cloudy, mysterious, inexplicable (Oates ix). Most people hear the term Kafkan or Kafkaesque and think of dark, fantastic tales with almost no basis in our known reality. But what of Kafkas sense of humor? I personally laughed out loud several times while reading Kafkas Amerika. Were these snippetsRead MoreThe Kafka s The Metamorphosis1062 Words   |  5 Pagesinsect. The Metamorphosis is laced with dark humor, but Wallace, in his analysis of Kafka’s works, Laughing with Kafka, says that â€Å"it is next to impossible to get them [students] to see that Kafka is funny† (23). Kafka’s piece usually fascinates readers, but it is difficult to see why at first, because it takes some thinking to realize the power of Kafka’s dark humor. The Metamorphosis engages the reader because it is funny t hrough the use of dark humor. Kafka carefully picks and chooses what detailsRead MoreEssay on Franz Kafkas The Trial1514 Words   |  7 PagesFranz Kafka’s famously translated novel The Trial was thought by many to be strongly influenced by his strong background and affiliations with theater and literature. Within the novel, Kafka refers to various types of the art form including, physical art, performing arts and acting, and the art of how a person moves and/or interacts with others. Critics have argued that Kafka’s background was the influence to the novel, while others strongly disagree. Was Kafka’s references to the performing artsRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Frank Kafka849 Words   |  4 Pagescaused many individuals to experience isolation and loneliness. Many writers during the 20th century conveyed that spirit of isolation and despair within the arts of literature. Kafka’s The Metamorphosis expressed the true nightmarish and unpleasant aspects of modern life. A predominant theme that appears throughout Kafka’s Metamorphosis is the feeling of isolation within the family. Gregor’s metamorphosis caused a psychological distance between him and his family. After Gregor’s transformation, heRead MoreFranz Kafkas Life and Work2192 Words   |  9 PagesFranz Kafkas Life and Work No person that leads a normal life is likely to write a metaphorical yet literal story about a man transforming into a bug. That being said, no person that leads a normal life is likely to alter a genre as much as Franz Kafka did. With the unusual combination of declining physical health and a resurgence of spiritual ideas, Franz Kafka, actively yearning for life, allowed his mind to travel to the places that his body could not take him. In his recurring themes of guiltRead MoreEssay on Kafka and his Portrayal of Characters2820 Words   |  12 Pages Kafka’s Portrayal of Characters Franz Kafka, born on July 3, 1883 in Bohemia, in the city of Prague, has been recognized as one of the greatest writers of the twentieth century. Virtually unknown during his lifetime, the works of Kafka have since been recognized as symbolizing modern mans distress and distorted alienation in an unintelligible, hostile, or indifferent world. None of Kafka’s novels were printed during his lifetime, and it was only with reluctance that he published a fraction of hisRead MoreComedy and Tragedy in Kafkas The Metamorphosis2608 Words   |  11 Pagesc The subtle yet powerful combination of comedy and tragedy in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis was not an accident. Kafka combined these genres in order to convey the mixture of emotions that accurately mirrors the cruelty of life. The main character, Gregor Samsa, is used to illustrate the betrayal that can exist in a family unit as well as a place of employment. Together, Kafka is making a strong commentary on life in order to express his own feelings of desolation and cynicism regarding societyRead MoreIs The Metamorposis : Drhosis Magical Realism?1009 Words   |  5 Pagesmagical realism when compared to â€Å"The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World,† by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez, and â€Å"What is Magical Realism, Really?† by Bruce Holland Rogers, using aspects of magical realism including realistic elements, magical elements, dark humor, and distortion of time. One aspect of Magical Realism Franz Kafka uses is realistic elements. The start of Gregor’s morning is similar to a normal morning where â€Å"his immediate reaction was to get up quietly without being disturbed, to put on his clothesRead MoreRole of Humour in Franz Kafka ´s The Metamorphosis, The Trail, and Ameria2643 Words   |  11 PagesEssay Role of Humour in Franz Kafka’s ‘The Metamorphosis’, ‘ The Trial’ and ‘Amerika’ â€Å"Humour is the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement.† The term Humour has been derived from the Greek language, which teaches that humour is the balance of fluids in the human body. Humour is savoured by different taste-buds like: Anecdotal, Blue, Dark/Gallows/Morbid, Epigrammatic, Hyperbolic, Ironic, Satirical, Satirical, Situational and Slapstick. Franz KafkaRead MoreAbsurdity Between Kafka and Camus4307 Words   |  18 PagesThis paper seeks to compare and contrast the philosophical views of two great philosophers, namely Albert Camus and Franz Kafka. The works involved in this argument are Kafkas The Metamorphosis and Camus The Outsider. The chief concern of both writers is to find a kind of solution to the predicament of modern man and his conflict with machines and scientific theories. Death, freedom, truth and identity are themes to be studies here in the sense of absurdity.    Kafka was born in Prague in 1883.